ADHD in Teens: A Simple Guide for Parents and Teens
ADHD in teens can be hard to understand. It can change how teens act at school, home, and with friends. This guide will help you learn about Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, what signs to look for, and how to help your teen do better in daily life.
What Is ADHD?
ADHD stands for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. It is a mental health condition that affects a teen’s focus, behavior, and energy levels. ADHD is a type of neurodevelopmental disorder, which means it begins in the brain as kids grow.
Teens with ADHD may have trouble sitting still, paying attention to details, or staying organized. Some may also act quickly without thinking. These are called hyperactive symptoms and impulsive symptoms.
Common Symptoms of ADHD in Teens
Not all teens act the same, but some common symptoms include:
- Poor concentration in class
- Making mistakes at school from not paying attention
- Trouble finishing daily activities
- Being very active or talking a lot
- Forgetting things like homework or chores
- Problems with executive functioning (planning and staying organized)
There are three main types of ADHD:
- Inattentive symptoms – trouble focusing or following instructions
- Hyperactive-impulsive symptoms – moving or talking too much, acting before thinking
- Combined type – a mix of both
ADHD can be different in boys and girls. Boys may show more hyperactive signs, while girls may struggle more with executive dysfunction and attention.
How ADHD Affects Teen Life
ADHD can change many parts of a teen’s life, like:
- Performance in school – Teens may have low grades or need extra time and adjustments at school
- Peer relationships – They may face peer rejection or struggle to build positive relationships
- Social functioning – Teens might feel left out or misunderstood by neurotypical peers
- Home life – Family routines may feel stressful due to disruptive behavior
- Sleep disorders – Many teens with ADHD have trouble sleeping or getting plenty of sleep
- Mood disorders – Some teens also have bipolar disorder, defiant disorder, or co-occurring disorders
ADHD in teens is often seen with other psychiatric disorders, like autism spectrum disorder or language disorder.
What Causes ADHD?
Doctors are not sure what causes ADHD, but it may be linked to:
- Brain development
- Family history
- Low birth weight or developmental delay
- Head injuries
- Exposure to toxins during pregnancy
According to the American Psychiatric Association, ADHD often shows up in children ages 6–12, but some teens are not diagnosed until later.
Getting a Proper Diagnosis
It’s important to get a proper diagnosis from a mental health professional or health care provider. They will look at:
- School reports
- Medical history
- Behavior at home and school
- A full exam to check for other mental health issues
Teens may also be screened for comorbid conditions, such as mood swings, drug misuse, or educational attainment problems.
If you think your teen may have ADHD, contact a mental health provider to begin the process.
ADHD and Risky Behavior
Teens with ADHD may take more risks, such as:
- Driving too fast
- Trying recreational drugs
- Using someone else’s prescribed medications (medication diversion)
- Early sexual activity
That’s why support from parents of teens, school environment, and professionals is so important.
ADHD and Relationships with Peers
Teens with ADHD may feel different from others. They may struggle with social skills, peer relationships, and social relationships. Positive reinforcement and support from parents and teachers can help them build better friendships.
How to Help Your Teen
Helping a teen with ADHD takes teamwork. Here’s what you can do:
1. Talk to a Mental Health Professional
A doctor or therapist can create a plan that fits your teen. This may include:
- Behavioral therapy
- Cognitive behavior therapy
- Medication treatment
They may suggest a combination of medication and therapy for the best results.
2. Use Positive Reinforcement
Praise your teen for good behavior. This helps build positive behavior and confidence.
3. Build Executive Function Skills
Help your teen improve their:
- Organizational skills
- Time management
- Independent functioning
- Executive skills
These life tools can support academic functioning and emotional functioning.
4. Work with the School
Teens may need help in class like:
- Extra time on tests
- Quiet spaces
- Support with homework and Extracurricular activities
Ask about an Individualized Education Plan (IEP) or 504 Plan for your teen.
5. Encourage Healthy Habits
Help your teen:
- Get plenty of sleep
- Stay active
- Eat healthy foods
- Stay away from drug abuse
These can improve executive functions and mood.
Treatment Options
Medication
Doctors may suggest stimulant medication or non-stimulant medications. These help with focus and behavior. Your teen may need breaks or a period without medication to check how things are going.
Therapy
Behavior therapies and cognitive behavior therapy teach teens how to manage stress and focus. Some teens benefit from complementary health approaches like exercise, mindfulness, or music.
A mental health professional will guide you on the best treatment for your teen.
ADHD From Childhood to Adolescence
Studies like the 10-year follow-up study and 4-year longitudinal follow-up study show that ADHD can change over time. With the right care, many teens with ADHD become productive adults.
ADHD may not go away, but it can be managed. Teens can learn how to control their behavior and do well in life.
When to Get Help
If your teen:
- Has trouble with academic performance
- Acts out at home or school
- Struggles with social skills or peer relations
- Uses stimulant drugs or other substances
- Shows signs of mental disorders
…it’s time to talk to a health care provider or mental health provider.
You can also visit our ADD treatment page in Orange County to learn more about how we support teens and families through ADHD.
FAQs About ADHD in Teens
1. What are the core symptoms of ADHD in teens?
Teens may show inattentive symptoms, hyperactive symptoms, or both. They may have trouble focusing, staying organized, or controlling behavior.
2. Can ADHD in teens cause problems with friends?
Yes, teens with ADHD may struggle with peer relationships or feel left out. Helping them learn social skills can improve friendships.
3. Is ADHD a mental disorder?
Yes. ADHD is a mental health condition and part of neurodevelopmental disorders. It can also occur with mood disorders or other psychiatric disorders.
4. Does ADHD mean my teen needs medication?
Not always. Many teens do well with behavior treatment or therapy. Others may need a combination of medication and therapy.
5. Can teens with ADHD have a normal life?
Yes! With the right help, teens can do well in school, make friends, and become productive adults.
If you’re a parent looking for support, we’re here to help. Visit Revival Mental Health’s ADD treatment page in Orange County to learn how we support teens with ADHD.
Visit SAMHSA or contact us today for more information.
